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08/03/2023

This period is characterized by an eclectic direction in architecture: the building of the main post office in Sydney on Martinplace Street in the form of an early-Renaissance palace and others. Starting from the 1920s, new trends spread in the architecture of the Australian Union, mainly constructivism (government buildings in Canberra, Sydney, Melbourne and others). Modern administrative and business buildings are built in the neoclassical style; cathedrals and churches - in the Gothic Revival style[100]. Business centers of large cities, downtowns, are built with skyscrapers made of glass, steel and concrete.

Fish & Chips Restaurant

08/03/2023

Read more: Architecture of Australia
The architecture of Australian buildings of the beginning of the 19th century inherits the English construction traditions of the 18th century: brickwork, massive wooden doors symmetrically arranged with rectangular sash windows[100]. Later, the British colonial style of wooden buildings with spacious verandas and colonnades in white began to spread. There are very few such houses left, most of them could not withstand the onslaught of natural forces (especially termites) and were demolished and rebuilt[100]. In the cities of that time, three-story cottages were built with separate entrances and verandas on the first two floors. The second half of the 19th century is the era of the opulent Victorian style with massive stone walls, columns, towers, cast-iron stairs and fences, plaster stucco. Such architecture is very well preserved in Melbourne[100]. In the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Adelaide were intensively built.

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08/03/2023

A distinctive feature of the cultural landscape of the country is the rectilinear configuration of the boundaries of farmland, administrative boundaries, transport highways, which were first drawn on paper plans, and then transferred to the area. Australian society is characterized by a belief in the "Australian Dream", a conflict-free, cloudless, prosperous life

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08/03/2023

Australian artists, musicians, scientists and writers became better known overseas. At the same time, American popular culture had a strong influence, especially through television and film. The combination and co-evolution of the local aboriginal culture with the culture of European settlers over several centuries, the influx of "young blood" from Southeast Asia, Southern and Eastern Europe, and new trends from the American continent formed a peculiar modern Australian culture

08/03/2023

The culture of the Australian nation is based on the British culture of the 19th century, the time of the colony's closest ties with the metropolis, combined with the original culture of the Australian aborigines, partially destroyed by the first colonizers[170][171]. In the years 1880-1895, when the tendency to unify the country intensified in Australia, a rather noticeable cultural upsurge began, which left its mark in fiction. Two world wars, an interwar period of economic crisis and a large influx of European immigrants after 1945 influenced the formation of a specific Australian national culture. In the post-war decades

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07/05/2023

The Australian Union completely occupies the continent of the same name with a number of adjacent islands, the largest of which is Tasmania. Australia is often called an island continent due to its location on the smallest continent of the same name[45], or the largest island on the planet[46]. The area of the country is equal to 7,688,287 km², the 6th place among the countries of the world, the first in Oceania[1][47][48]. This is slightly larger than the area of the United States without Alaska and Hawaii[18]. It is the largest state in the Southern Hemisphere and the largest state without land borders[18]. The area of the continent itself is 7,617,930 km² (2,941,300 sq mi) + 0.1 million km² of adjacent islands[49]. Mostly flat dry continent (one third of the continent is occupied by tropical deserts)[49][50]. In the north, the country is washed by the waters of the Arafura and Timor Seas, the Gulf of Carpentaria, in the south by the waters of the Great Australian Gulf, in the west by the open waters of the Indian Ocean, in the east by the waters of the Coral and Tasman Seas, and the Pacific Ocean [8]. The length of the coastline of Australia is 34.2 thousand km (not including the coast of the islands)[51]. The coastline is little divided, the largest peninsulas are Cape York and Arnhemland[

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07/05/2023

Since the beginning of the 20th century, the abbreviated colloquial version of the country's name - Oz, Ozzy (English Oz; Aussie) has also been used. Often, the term "antipodes" is used for the inhabitants of Australia, and "Land Down Under" (English) or simply "Down Under" (English. Down Under) is used for the country. Other common epithets of Australia: "the Great Southern Land", "the Lucky Country" - due to Donald Horne's 1964 book of the same name, "the Sunburnt Country" — because of the typical scorching sun in a clear sky, "The Wide Brown Land" (eng. the Wide Brown Land) — because of the color of its soils. The last two were first put into circulation by the Australian poetess Dorothea McKellar in 1908 in the iconic patriotic poem "My Country

07/05/2023

This is a false distortion of the original Spanish toponym of the islands of Vanuatu[35][36][37][38]. The Dutch toponym was first used in 1638 in the adverbial form nid. australische to denote newly discovered lands south of Batavia[39]. Dutch scientists, unlike other Europeans who continued to use the Latin name, began to use the terms both australisch and New Holland (Nieuw Holland), proposed by Abel Tasman in 1644. The British traveler Matthew Flinders, who first sailed around Australia and mapped the Australian coast, used the term "Australia" in his work "A Voyage to Terra Australis" as "more pleasing to the ear and similar to other names of continents»[40][34]. The first official approval of the toponym occurred in April 1817, when the governor of New South Wales, Lochlen Macquarie, received the Flinders maps from Lord Henry Bathurst[34][41]. Already in December, he recommended the Colonial Ministry to officially adhere to this name in document circulation[42]. In 1824, the British Admiralty agreed to use the toponym on all its maps[43]. In 1830, the Hydrographic Bureau published the first official "Australia Directory" (English The Australia Directory)

07/05/2023

The name of the country comes from the Latin term Terra Australis, which means "southern land".[33] The territory was named so by early European explorers who considered the hypothetical Australian continent to be much larger, such that it could balance the landmass of the northern continents[34]. Even on the map of the ancient Greek scientist Ptolemy, the Unknown Southern Land (English: Terra Australis Incognita) is indicated to the south of the southern tropic. The toponym "Australia" was first used in English in 1625 in the work "A note of Australia del Espíritu Santo" (A note of Australia del Espíritu Santo) by Richard Hakluyt, which was first published by Samuel Pour in the anthology "Hakluytus Posthumus"

07/05/2023

The official name is Australia (English: Australia; English pronunciation: [əˈstreɪliə]). According to a government decision of January 1976, outside the country it is called simply Australia, and the government is called Australian, inside the country it is called the Union of Australia and the Union Government.

06/28/2023

The earliest documented use of the word "Australia" in English was A note of Australia del Espíritu Santo written by Master Hakluyt in 1625 and published by Samuel Purchas[en] in Hakluytus Posthumus, where the Spanish name Australia del Espíritu Santo, given to an island in the New Hebrides archipelago, was distorted to "Australia"[14]. The adjective "Australische" was also used by the Dutch officials of Batavia (modern Jakarta) to refer to all the southern lands newly discovered since 1638[15]. The word "Australia" was used in the book translated into English by the French utopian writer Gabriel de Foigny "The Adventures of Jacques Sader, his journey and the discovery of the Astral Earth" (French Les Aventures de Jacques Sadeur dans la Découverte et le Voyage de la Terre Australe; 1676)[16]. In relation to the entire South Pacific, this term is used by Alexander Dalrymple, a Scottish geographer, in his book An Historical Collection of Voyages and Discoveries in the South Pacific Ocean; 1771) . In the late 18th century, the term was used by botanists George Shaw and James Edward Smith to refer to the Australian continent in their Zoology and Botany of New Holland (1793)[17] and on a 1799 map owned by James Wilson

06/28/2023

The term "Australia" (English Australia, [əˈstɹæɪljə, -liə] in Australian English [13]) comes from lat. australis ("southern"). In colloquial Australians, the word Oz is used to refer to Australia. Australians use the word Aussie ([ˈɒzi]) to refer to the adjective "Australian".
Legends of the Unknown Land of the South (Latin: Terra Australis Incognita) - "the unknown land in the south" - date back to Roman times and were commonplace in medieval geography, despite not being based on any knowledge of the continent itself.